Spatial variation and driving mechanism of soil organic carbon components in the alluvial/sedimentary zone of the Yellow River     

LI Guodong  ZHANG Junhua  ZHU Lianqi  TIAN Huiwen  SHI Jiaqi  REN Xiaojuan 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(4):535-550

Alluviation and sedimentation of the Yellow River are important factors influencing the surface soil structure and organic carbon content in its lower reaches. Selecting Kaifeng and Zhoukou as typical cases of the Yellow River flooding area, the field survey, soil sample collection, laboratory experiment and Geographic Information System(GIS) spatial analysis methods were applied to study the spatial distribution characteristics and change mechanism of organic carbon components at different soil depths. The results revealed that the soil total organic carbon(TOC), active organic carbon(AOC) and nonactive organic carbon(NOC) contents ranged from 0.05–30.03 g/kg, 0.01–8.86 g/kg and 0.02–23.36 g/kg, respectively. The TOC, AOC and NOC contents in the surface soil layer were obviously higher than those in the lower soil layer, and the sequence of the content and change range within a single layer was TOCNOCAOC. Geostatistical analysis indicated that the TOC, AOC and NOC contents were commonly influenced by structural and random factors, and the influence magnitudes of these two factors were similar. The overall spatial trends of TOC, AOC and NOC remained relatively consistent from the 0–20 cm layer to the 20–100 cm layer, and the transition between high-and low-value areas was obvious, while the spatial variance was high. The AOC and NOC contents and spatial distribution better reflected TOC spatial variation and carbon accumulation areas. The distribution and depth of the sediment, agricultural land-use type, cropping system, fertilization method, tillage process and cultivation history were the main factors impacting the spatial variation in the soil organic carbon(SOC) components. Therefore, increasing the organic matter content, straw return, applying organic manure, adding exogenous particulate matter and conservation tillage are effective measures to improve the soil quality and attain sustainable agricultural development in the alluvial/sedimentary zone of the Yellow River.  相似文献   

Quantification of human and climate contributions to multi-dimensional hydrological alterations: A case study in the Upper Minjiang River,China     

ZHANG Yuhang  YE Aizhong  YOU Jinjun  JING Xiangyang 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(8):1102-1122

Dual factors of climate and human on the hydrological process are reflected not only in changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of water resource amounts but also in the various characteristics of river flow regimes. Isolating and quantifying their contributions to these hydrological alterations helps us to comprehensively understand the response mechanism and patterns of hydrological process to the two kinds of factors. Here we develop a general framework using hydrological model and 33 indicators to describe hydrological process and quantify the impact from climate and human. And we select the Upper Minjiang River(UMR) as a case to explore its feasibility. The results indicate that our approach successfully recognizes the characteristics of river flow regimes in different scenarios and quantitatively separates the climate and human contributions to multi-dimensional hydrological alterations. Among these indicators, 26 of 33 indicators decrease over the past half-century(1961–2012) in the UMR, with change rates ranging from 1.3% to 33.2%, and the human impacts are the dominant factor affecting hydrological processes, with an average relative contribution rate of 58.6%. Climate change causes an increase in most indicators, with an average relative contribution rate of 41.4%. Specifically, changes in precipitation and reservoir operation may play a considerable role in inducing these alterations. The findings in this study help us better understand the response mechanism of hydrological process under changing environment and is conducive to climate change adaptation, water resource planning and ecological construction.  相似文献   

苏州澄湖湖底硬粘土粒度特征及成因初探   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

付苗苗  戴雪荣  师育新  郑祥民 《沉积学报》2008,26(5):828-832

澄湖是太湖平原上的一个浅水湖泊,湖底十分平坦,主要由硬粘土组成,同时发育有NW—SE横穿澄湖的古河道和泥沼洼地。在接近湖泊中心部位的古河道中打钻获得了4 m长的岩芯,并进行了详细的粒度分析。结果表明,该岩芯下部的硬粘土主要由细粉砂、中粉砂和粘土组成,分别占26.7%~38.1%,26.9%~34.3%和19.7%~26.2%,可命名为粘土质粉砂;众数粒径为10~50 μm,平均占57.9%;平均粒径为6.3~6.9。将其与上部的湖泊沉积、镇江下蜀黄土和中国北方各地黄土的粒度比较表明,苏州澄湖湖底的硬粘土原本也是风尘沉积。  相似文献   

储层孔隙度预测与孔隙演化史模拟方法探讨——以辽河拗陷双清地区为例   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

孟元林  姜文亚  刘德来  牛嘉玉  孙洪斌  肖丽华  施尚明  修洪文 《沉积学报》2008,26(5):780-788

在成岩作用数值模拟的基础上,通过建立辽河拗陷双清地区不同沉积微相成岩指数ID与储层平均有效孔隙度的相关模型,预测了该地区古近系Es3下储层的孔隙度,恢复了孔隙演化史,确定了有效油、气储层的分布范围。孔隙度预测的结果表明,有效油、气储层分布于孔隙度大于8.5％和5.8％的斜坡区。储层预测平均孔隙度与实测孔隙度之间的绝对误差为2.8％,而研究区储层的填隙物含量在1.2%～45.0%之间,平均为16.9%。由此可见,这种模型可用于填隙物含量较高储层的钻前孔隙度预测和孔隙演化史模拟。孔隙演化史的模拟结果表明,储层孔隙度在埋藏早期主要受沉积相的影响,而在晚期则主要受成岩作用的控制。  相似文献   

胶莱盆地莱阳期原型盆地恢复   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

任凤楼  柳忠泉  邱连贵  韩立国  张岳桥  曹忠祥 《沉积学报》2008,26(2):221-233

应用区域地质调查资料、地震剖面解释、钻孔测井资料解释和野外典型剖面的观察,并运用层序地层学原理和方法,对胶莱盆地和沂沭地堑系沉积充填序列进行了描述与对比分析,基本理清了胶莱盆地地层层序格架,并恢复莱阳期胶莱盆地原形。胶莱盆地莱阳期发育两个独立的槽状断陷带:一个沿牟即断裂构造带发育,呈NNE向展布,称之为朱吴—即墨断槽带,该断槽带完全受牟即断裂带的控制;另一个沿沭河裂谷带和诸城凹陷发育,总体也呈NNE向展布,称为苴县—诸城断槽带。两个断陷槽控制了该期的沉积相及分布。另外,位于胶莱盆地东北角的郭城凹陷可能是一个独立的断陷盆地,其发育受东西两侧断裂控制。平度地区是否存在独立的断陷湖盆,目前尚难确定。苏鲁造山带北部边界断裂（百尺河断裂）的伸展复活主导了胶莱原形盆地的发育。  相似文献   

珠江口盆地的沉积充填与珠江的形成演变   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11  

邵磊  庞雄  乔培军  陈长民  李前裕  苗卫良 《沉积学报》2008,26(2):179-158

沉积物元素地球化学分析表明,南海北部地区沉积物渐新统与中新统明显不同,两者之间存在物源突变事件。这一沉积地质事件在时间上与南海扩张轴发生跳跃、滇西高原以及东喜马拉雅构造结的快速隆升等一系列地质构造事件十分吻合,是珠江以及珠江口盆地搬运—沉积—充填演化史上一次重大的转变。Ca/Si、CIA以及Al₂O₃等参数变化显示,珠江侵蚀区极有可能由渐新世近源硅酸盐为主的华南沿海地区拓展为中新世远达青藏高原东麓的云贵高原碳酸盐为主的地区,流域范围突然扩大。同时伴随沉积物供给增大,造成珠江口盆地从渐新世富砂为主的沉积堆积体系转变为中新世以来以泥为主的沉积堆积体系,显示出珠江的发育演化以及中新世以来的青藏高原隆升在南海北部的沉积充填演变中扮演了重要角色,对南海北部地区油气藏的形成影响深远。  相似文献   

滦平盆地上白垩统九佛堂组中的熔积岩及地质意义     

张英利  孟庆任  渠洪杰 《沉积学报》2008,26(1):105-110

通过对滦平盆地沉积地层的野外观察,系统分析了九佛堂组的沉积特征及其变化规律,鉴别出特殊的岩石类型——熔积岩;较详细的描述了熔积岩所在剖面的沉积特征,最后结合盆地的区域地质背景,初步认为滦平盆地为火山—沉积盆地,强烈的同沉积构造运动伴随岩浆活动,致使盆地九佛堂组沉积地层内发育熔积岩。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组震积岩特征研究   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15  

李元昊  刘池洋  王秀娟 《沉积学报》2008,26(5):772-779

震积岩是具有古地震记录的岩层。根据大量岩心观察,鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组广泛发育震积岩沉积标志,如液化砂岩脉、阶梯状小断层、液化卷曲变形、砂球枕构造、泥岩撕裂屑、滑揉构造等。详细分析了各种震积岩特征及其分布,初步建立了鄂尔多斯盆地延长组震积岩垂向沉积序列,包括:A段为下伏未震层;B段为微同沉积断裂层;C段为振动液化卷曲变形层;D段为液化砂岩脉和砂岩墙段;E段为砂球枕及碎块层;F段为液化均一层和G段上覆未震层。震积岩的首次发现为研究盆地周边构造演化强度和期次提供了佐证,同时震积岩也是一种潜在的有利储层。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地志留-泥盆纪岩相古地理及时空演化特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张翔  田景春  彭军 《沉积学报》2008,26(5):762-771

近年来塔里木盆地志留—泥盆系油气勘探的发现,使其研究重新受到重视,但仍存在一些制约志留—泥盆系勘探的基础地质问题需要深入研究。通过对塔里木盆地周缘野外剖面、盆内钻井、岩芯详细的分析,在地层划分、对比的基础上,结合地震相研究成果,将塔里木盆地泥盆—志留系划分为3个沉积体系组（分别为陆相、海陆过渡和海洋沉积体系组）,进一步识别出8个沉积体系。在上述沉积相研究基础上,结合测井相、地震相的识别,对塔里木盆地志留—泥盆系岩相古地理特征及时空演化进行了详细研究,研究表明在志留—泥盆纪沉积演化过程中,岩相古地理分布特征在各个时期存在差异性,但在整个古地理演化过程中,又具有继承性。具体表现为:整个志留纪以陆棚、滨岸、潮坪沉积为主,沉积相带总体表现为南北向分带、东西向展布的格局;晚志留世—泥盆纪总体为滨海—潮坪环境,沉积相带较前期局限;晚泥盆世晚期为滨岸—潮坪环境,沉积区进一步缩小。这一系列研究成果的取得,将会为储层分布规律研究和油气预测提供基础地质资料。  相似文献   

Source Evolution and Its Relationship to Climate Change Since the Middle–Late Pleistocene in Laizhou Bay,China     

GONG Chuanzhang  LI Guangxue  LIU Yong  DING Dong  XU Jishang  MA Yanyan  QIAO Lulu  and WANG Haoyin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(1):113-123

Through the geochemical analysis of two hundred-meters cores KD4 and ZK3 from Laizhou Bay,in this study,we determined the distribution law and controlling factors of the geochemical elements.We analyzed 24 elements with respect to their R factors and major principal components,which were combined with the source discrimination functions DFCr/Th and DFCa/Al to obtain the sediment source index and its variation with depth for this area.A comparison of the changes in climate indicators suggests a clear correlation between the source and climate changes.The results show that the Yellow River and surrounding short-term rivers are the main sediment sources in this area.The PC3 of the KD4 core and PC2 of the ZK3 core(e.g.,CaO,MnO,SiO2)exhibit significant variations and reflect the relative contributions of Yellow River sources.The deposition process can be divided into six stages:in Phase I(MIS 5c–MIS 5a),the Yellow River formed,and the composition of the Yellow River had a greater influence on the sedimentary composition of the study area.In Phase II(MIS 5a–MIS 3),the sediment sources of the Yellow River and the short-term streams in this area were wavering,with the sediments derived from short-term rivers playing a more important role.In Phase III(MIS 3),with a sharp drop in temperature,the study area was in the process of retreat,and the sediment source changed from the Yellow River to short-term rivers,after which the Yellow River source material remained the main sediment source for the region.A similar process occurred three more times in Phase IV(MIS 3–MIS 2),Phase V(MIS 2–MIS 1),and Phase VI(MIS 1).With changes in climate,especially during alternating sea-land phases,the sediment source varied in marine-terrestrial-marine phases,and the changes are observed as Yellow River source-surrounding provenance-Yellow River source.However,this process of change is not synchronized with the sea-land strata alternation.  相似文献